Software is a knowledge medium.
软件是知识的载体

 

The "product" is the knowledge contained in the software.
我们真正创造的产品不是软件本身，而是蕴涵在软件中的知识和学问。

 

The activity of developing software is the activity of acquiring specific types of knowledge and translating that knowledge into a specific language form known as "code."
软件开发的过程就是我们去获取特定类型知识的过程。而我们所知的编码活动就是将我们获取的知识转化为系统中的一个功能或表单。

 

求知的五重境界

0OI: I have the answer. Developing a system is simply a matter of transcribing what I already know, into the appropriate programming instructions
我知道答案，开发系统简单的仅仅是将我所知道的东西翻译为适当的程序指令。

 

1OI: I have the question, and I either know how to get the answer to it (I have 0OI about the activity of answer acquisition) or I do not know how to get the answer (I have 1OI about answer acquisition).
我有问题，我可能知道如何去获取答案，也可能并不知道如何去获取问题的答案。对于知道如何获取答案的直接通过00I获取答案。对于不知道答案这里又有两步，一是我如何获取答案，其次才是什么是答案或什么才是正确的答案或解决方法。 在我们不知道答案时候我们可能会换为其它的问题，或者一个问题有多个答案时候我们随意的去选择答案而没有关注答案正确性。

 

2OI: I do not have the question. I do not know enough to frame a question that is contextual enough to elicit a definitive answer
我不知道问题，因为我不能充分的知道我构想的问题能够很充足的得到确定或权威的答案。如果你都不能确切的清查你的问题是否可以获取确切正确的答案，这个时候更多的是你并不知道这个问题。

 

3OI: 3OI is the process level. As there are levels of granularity of questions at the 1OI level, there are levels of granularity of processes at 3OI.
这是一个过程级别。这个时候在10I和20I级别都有各种粒度和等级的问题。

 

4OI: 4OI is the understanding that software development is a knowledge-acquisition activity.
理解到软件开发是一个知识获取的活动。

 

软件开发过程法则:

Process only allows us to do things we already know how to do.
过程仅仅是允许我们按照我们已知的知识去做事情。

 

We can only define software processes at two levels: too vague or too confining.
我们仅可以通过两个标准来定义软件开发过程：含糊不清或限制约束

 

The very last type of knowledge to be considered as a candidate for implementation into an executable software system is the knowledge of how to implement knowledge into an executable software system.
如何把一个知识实现进一个运行的软件系统是我们需要考虑作为候选的最终类型知识。